Top 10 Best Hand Espresso Maker

Make Your Favorite Espresso Coffee At Home The CASABREWS coffee machine with milk frother allows you to prepare all your favorite espresso-based coffees. You can enjoy a barista-brewed latte, cappuccino or macchiato at home. Stainless steel appearance, stylish and durable, ideal for any size kitchen. This compact espresso coffee maker is not only perfect for home or office use, but also makes a great wedding gift, anniversary gift, housewarming gift, and gift for dad, mom, men, women, husband and wife. Professional 20 Bar Pressure System Semi-Automatic 2-in-1 Espresso Maker, with 20 bar professional Italian pump and 1350 W powerful boiler. This latte machine gives you top quality extraction, resulting in a more fragrant and rich aroma. The built-in pressure gauge on this cappuccino machine shows the exact pressure helping you make adjustments according to your personal taste preferences. You can create a cappuccino, latte or flat white at your home or office with our cappuccino maker. Milk Frothing System Our espresso machine with milk frother has a powerful steam wand, so you can texture creamy, rich microfoam milk to create amazing milk foam art and enhance the flavor of your brews. Awaken your inner barista and create your own unique milk foam art. Don't pass us by if you are looking for an excellent espresso coffee maker. Compact, Stylish Practical The beautiful and compact design makes this small espresso machine suitable for any size kitchen. Make single or double espresso shots with a beautiful layer of crema in minutes The 34 oz water tank allows you to brew multiple cups, and it is detachable for easy refilling. Included components Espresso Machine, 34 oz Removable Water Tank, One Cup Brewing Filter, Two Cup Brewing Filter, Portafilter, Tamper With Spoon, Instruction Manual. Useful Tips Please kindly note that do not brew coffee immediately after frothing milk. The machine must cool down first otherwise the temperature and the pressure inside the machine will be too high, and the machine will go into over-heating protection mode. The lights for 1 cup or 2 cup will flash repeatedly and please follow the steps of included guide to cool down the machine. You can watch more INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEO by clicking Visit the CASABREWS Store.

Make Your Favorite Espresso Coffee At Home The CASABREWS coffee machine with milk frother allows you to prepare all your favorite espresso-based coffees. You can enjoy a barista-brewed latte, cappuccino or macchiato at home. Stainless steel appearance, stylish and durable, ideal for any size kitchen. This compact espresso machine is not only perfect for home or office use, but also makes a great wedding gift, anniversary gift, housewarming gift, and gift for dad, mom, men, women, husband and wife. Professional 20 Bar Pressure System A semi-Automatic 2-in-1 Espresso Maker with a 20 bar professional pump and a 1350 W powerful motor. This 20 bar pressure espresso maker gives you a top quality extraction, resulting in a more fragrant and richer aroma in your coffee. You can create a cappuccino, latte or flat white at home or in the office with our stainless steel espresso maker. Milk Frothing System Our espresso machine with milk frother has a powerful steam wand that creates a creamy and rich micro-foam milk texture to enhance the flavor of the coffee and enable the creation of latte art. Awaken your inner barista and create your own unique milk foam art with our espresso machine. This compact espresso machine is perfect for latte, cappuccino or macchiato. If you are trying to find an excellent espresso coffee maker, look no further. COMPACT, STYLISH PRACTICAL The compact design makes this espresso coffee machine suitable for a kitchen of any sizes. The 49 oz water tank allows you to brew multiple cups of coffee without a refill, and it is detachable for easy refilling. The drip tray can be easily removed to clean. This home espresso machine comes with everything a coffee lover needs to get started. Whats included Espresso Machine, 49 oz Removable Water Tank, One Cup Brewing Filter, Two Cup Brewing Filter, Portafilter, Tamper With Spoon, Instruction Manual. Using Tips Too coarse a grind, too little coffee grounds, or insufficiently tamping of the coffee grounds before brewing can all lead to inadequate pressure for a satisfactory espresso. Please note that there are many instructional videos on the USER GUIDE of CASABREWS store.

UNIQUELY DELICIOUS No more average joe from fancy, expensive machines. By combining the best of several brew methods into one patented device, you get smooth, rich, grit-free coffee with a delicious, full-bodied finish that lingers well after your last sip. No bitterness. No cream needed.. PATENTED 3-IN-1 BREW TECHNOLOGY The only press that combines agitation and pressure with micro-filtration so you can use finer ground coffee. Hot water is pushed through the grinds, quickly aerating and extracting only the purest, freshest flavors, while keeping grit and bitterness out of your coffee.. BETTER THAN FRENCH PRESS No more bitterness or grit. The patented 3 in 1 brew technology of the AeroPress Original Coffee maker eliminates bitterness and acidity and creates a smooth, rich, full bodied cup of coffee. Paper or metal micro-filters allow you to use finer ground coffee for a faster brew time and no grit unlike the mesh filter of a French press. No more messy coffee grounds clean-up takes seconds Durable, shatterproof design, perfect for travel, camping gifting.. TRAVEL AND GIFT READY Compact, durable, shatterproof and lightweight. Pack it in your bag and take it on the road. No more mediocre at best hotel or office coffee. And promising a totally original coffee experience, our little coffee innovation is a gift that almost guarantees a smile and a hug.. ONE YEAR WARRANTY Proudly made in the USA, easy to use and maintain and loved across the globe, we truly believe in our coffee press. But to be sure you do too, we offer a one year warranty..

An Amazing Cup, Now On The Go Take the AeroPress Go with you and enjoy a truly delicious coffee wherever you go. The AeroPress Go is slightly smaller than the AeroPress Original, but can still produce 1-3 servings of espresso-style coffee, and it features a handy mug and lid that double as a traveling case, making it perfect for the office, traveling, camping, boating and more. All About Taste Practicality The AeroPress Go travel coffee maker brews smooth, delicious coffee without bitterness or grit, unlike other methods like french press. There's no experience necessary for brewing with AeroPress Go with a brewing time of just a minute, AeroPress is all about making it easy to brew delicious coffee wherever you are with a portable espresso maker.. Be Your Own Barista The AeroPress Go is a new way of brewing coffee that delivers a delicious result in just under a minute. You can choose to brew hot or espresso-style coffee, or use cold water to make cold brew in two minutes. Tweak your combinations and find the right spot for you with the AeroPress Go, you have total control over your coffee with a portable coffee maker.. How to Use Just add coffee and water, stir, and press Easily makes 8oz 237ml of regular coffee or 1 to 3 espresso-style shots for use in lattes, cappuccinos, and other espresso-based drinks per pressing in about a minute. It can also make cold brew in just two minutes We recommend a medium-fine grind, but vary your recipes however you choose. About AeroPress Smart design and creativity have always been the heart of what we do, and we are now squarely focused on inspiring even more coffee lovers around the world to revolutionize their coffee routine. Designed in Silicon Valley, made in the USA, Materials used in AeroPress coffee makers are free of BPA and phthalates.

CRYSTAL CLEAR, SHATTERPROOF TRITAN Our iconic press, made with the same patented technology, available in crystal clear, shatterproof Tritan. Cool enough for display, tough enough for the road.. UNIQUELY DELICIOUS No more average joe from fancy, expensive machines. By combining the best of several brew methods into one patented device, you get smooth, rich, grit-free coffee with a delicious, full-bodied finish that lingers well after your last sip. No bitterness. No cream needed.. PATENTED 3-IN-1 BREW TECHNOLOGY The only press that combines agitation and pressure with micro-filtration so you can use finer ground coffee. Hot water is pushed through the grinds, quickly aerating and extracting only the purest, freshest flavors, while keeping grit and bitterness out of your coffee.. BETTER THAN FRENCH PRESS No more bitterness or grit. The patented 3-in-1 brew technology of the AeroPress Clear Coffee maker eliminates bitterness and acidity and creates a smooth, rich, full bodied cup of coffee. Paper or metal micro-filters allow you to use finer ground coffee for a faster brew time and no grit unlike the mesh filter of a French press. No more messy coffee grounds clean-up takes seconds Durable, shatterproof design, perfect for travel, camping gifting.. TRAVEL AND GIFT READY Compact, durable, shatterproof and lightweight. Pack it in your bag and take it on the road. No more mediocre at best hotel or office coffee. And promising a totally original coffee experience, our little coffee innovation is a gift that almost guarantees a smile and a hug..

UNIQUELY DELICIOUS No more average joe from fancy, expensive machines. By combining the best of several brew methods into one patented device, you get smooth, rich, grit-free coffee with a delicious, full-bodied finish that lingers well after your last sip. No bitterness. No cream needed.. PATENTED 3-IN-1 BREW TECHNOLOGY The only press that combines agitation and pressure with micro-filtration so you can use finer ground coffee. Hot water is pushed through the grinds, quickly aerating and extracting only the purest, freshest flavors, while keeping grit and bitterness out of your coffee.. BETTER THAN FRENCH PRESS No more bitterness or grit. The patented 3 in 1 brew technology of the AeroPress Original Coffee maker eliminates bitterness and acidity and creates a smooth, rich, full bodied cup of coffee. Paper or metal micro-filters allow you to use finer ground coffee for a faster brew time and no grit unlike the mesh filter of a French press. No more messy coffee grounds clean-up takes seconds Durable, shatterproof design, perfect for travel, camping gifting.. TRAVEL AND GIFT READY Compact, durable, shatterproof and lightweight. Pack it in your bag and take it on the road. No more mediocre at best hotel or office coffee. And promising a totally original coffee experience, our little coffee innovation is a gift that almost guarantees a smile and a hug.. ONE YEAR WARRANTY Proudly made in the USA, easy to use and maintain and loved across the globe, we truly believe in our coffee press. But to be sure you do too, we offer a one year warranty..

Take it Anywhere Our rust-free french press-stainless steel-is durable for use while camping, at the office, or making coffee at home. The double-walled carafe on this MuellerLiving French Press keeps your coffee hot and full of flavor.. Robust, Full-Bodied Flavor Make up to four 5 oz cups in one batch. Our 20 oz carafe travels well. Also use for brewing tea, hot chocolate, and for keeping frothed milk hot. A chart in the included manual helps you control coffee strength.. Immersion Brewing Its simple Just add coffee grounds then hot water. Stir it. Add the lid and the filter. Wait 4 minutes. Press the plunger to the bottom of the french press. Your hot coffee is now ready to enjoy.. Easy to Clean Our coffee press is dishwasher safe. The plunger and its filters are easy to disassemble, if you prefer to hand wash. We recommend cleaning the plunger after each use of this french press and coffee maker.. 4-Level Filtration No more grounds in the coffee French press includes 1 coiled filter, 2 stainless steel screen filters, and a metal cross plate filter..

MAKE GREAT TASTING COFFEE Brew rich espresso the traditional way with this moka pot. Fill up the filter with your favorite coffee grounds, place the espresso maker on a stovetop, and watch the best-tasting brew get ready to make rich and aromatic lattes, cappuccinos, or espresso.. PREMIUM QUALITY DESIGN Our Cuban coffee maker crafted with a durable, food-grade cast aluminum body, the classic Italian design of this espresso pot ensures quick and even heat distribution for a rich and velvety coffee flavor. This coffee percolator has a built-in safety valve to regulate pressure inside the stove top coffee maker for higher caffeine extraction. This espresso maker stove top is designed with a heat-resistant handle, lid knob, and a built-in spout for easy pouring.. EASY TO CLEAN All the parts of this stovetop espresso maker can be easily disassembled for a quick cleanup. Simply rinse the components with water and let them air-dry in an upright position before assembling the percolator coffee pot. Avoid the use of soap as it removes essential coffee oils that build up in the espresso pot and give the brew its unique aroma and flavor.. VERSATILE AND EASY TO CARRY This moka pot espresso is durable yet lightweight, making it perfect for carrying in your bag or luggage without breaking or bending. Whether you are using an electric or a gas stove, this stove top espresso coffee maker lets you brew the best-tasting espresso wherever you are, whenever you want. Note Not to be used on an induction stove.. HASSLE-FREE, ZULAY GUARANTEE We love and take pride in our Italian coffee maker and back this up with a lifetime guarantee. If there are ever any issues, just contact us and we will make it right. Chances are that you will never need to reach out..

1822 Gold Extraction Rate Make a cup of successful espresso needs to extract about 20 of the best flavor substances in coffee powder. STARESSO specialty coffee maker uses segmented hydraulic extraction to generate 15-20Bar pressure, allowing users to easily realize coffee machines Gold extraction, rich in fat and clear visible, becomes a coffee master in seconds.. Large Pressure and Stable Extraction STARESSO Manual Espresso Machines design of the top pressure valve is very labor-saving. The internal extraction pressure can reach 15-20bar. The coffee can be easily extracted by pressing the top of the palm with the strength of the body. The silicone pad at the bottom of the cup ensures that the coffee machine is stable during operation put it on the table.. The High-quality MaterialSTARESSO portable espresso machine uses silicone material with the same safety level as baby bottles, and all metal parts are made of food-grade 304 stainless steel. The surface of the pump adopts aerospace-grade nano-ceramic coating, the durability of the pump is increased by three times, and it is very sturdy and durable.. Folding and Portable Whole-body Water Washing Coffee MachineSTARESSO travel coffee maker adopt the main body separation design, users can freely use with the stand, two storage states, deformable folding, reducing space occupation. Each component of the coffee machine can be easily separated for deep cleaning.. Large CapacityUp to 24g of coffee powder can be put in one time, which can be used by 1-2 people, suitable as travel gadgets, car coffee maker, home, office, coffee gifts, gifts for coffee lovers. Convenient to carry, no need to use electricity, unlimited use..

Make Worthy Coffee On The Go for Coffee LoverThe STARESSO Coffee Maker Manual coffee Grinder Set are engineered to brew you a smoother, you and enjoy a truly delicious coffee wherever you go Flavorful cup of coffee thats fresh from first drop to last letting you be your own coffee hero at home office, traveling, camping, boating. Be Your Own Barista To Adjustment the Coffee Taste on Camping The STARESSO Travel Hand Press Espresso Maker coffee Grinder Kit is a new way of brewing coffee that delivers a delicious result in just under some minutes You can choose to brew hot coffee or espresso, or use cold water to make cold brew in two minutesTweak your combinations and find the right spot for you With the Staresso Travel Hand Press Espresso Maker Grinder Kit, you have total control over your coffee. Durable Stainless Steel ConstructionBoth the manual coffee machine and bean grinder are crafted from high-quality stainless steelThis ensures not only the longevity of your coffee set but also the retention of your coffee beans' freshness and flavorWhen you choose STARESSO, you're investing in a coffee set that will stand the test of time. Classic Fashion Portable Espresso Machine with Grinder SetNot only for coffee but also for tea and other brewing drinks Best Present Seletion or kept it for yourself, packaging with a hand bag-easy for storage. Built to Last coffee machine set The STARESSO french press expresso maker is built durably and designed to be your forever coffee maker Whether you're looking for a small or large hand press, our product is perfect for any coffee or tea lover. Precise Scale Selection STARESSO manual coffee grinder Built-in adjustable digital grinding core, 12 gears of precise grinding scale in one turn, no need to count the turns and adjust the grinding degree quickly The grinder has ultra-high concentricity and the maximum gear. All-metal Low-temperature Grinding Hand coffee grinder protects the original flavor of coffee dissipates heat faster, reduces the accumulation of heat during the grinding process, reduces the loss of coffee bean aroma during the grinding process, and avoids the oxidation and sour taste from high-temperature grinding. More Uniform Coffee Grounds The uniformity of coffee powder is the key point of coffee productionThe STARESSO hand coffee grinder is designed with durable CNC stainless steel conical burrs and fixed double bearings to make the coffee beans grind more efficiently and with more uniform coffee grounds The high-precision grinding core grinder made of food-grade material is harder, smoother, and more durable than ordinary titanium grinding core grinder. Portable Manual OperateManual coffee grinder detachable handle and screw-on top cover, you can screw on the top cover, beans do not run around, easy to carry on the go, the grinding core convex inner hole positioning, no bottom positioning disc, easy to clean The black walnut handle is durable and easy to use, using a space aluminum all-metal body without any plastic accessories.

CONTROL - This 20 bar pump semi-automatic espresso maker lets you become your own barista with a pressurized portafilter to take total control over your coffee's richness and flavor - it even takes E.S.E. espresso pods as well as ground beans. VERSATILITY - This Italian-designed espresso machine with milk frother allows you to create any coffee drink of your choice, whether it's a latte, cappuccino, macchiato, or more. SPACE SAVING - This compact espresso machine is smaller than most with included scoop, tamp, singledoubleESE baskets. It fits in any kitchen while maintaining key features like heat control, bar pressure, and milk frothing.. EASY TO CLEAN - Cleaning your latte and cappuccino machine has never been easier with the removable drip tray, pour spout for east draining, and auto-purge function on the steam and hot water wand.. Made for espresso cups if you are in a pinch, the bottom tray of the unit can be removed to give you additional space for a larger mug.

A more free new beginning - No need for batteries or electricity, manual operation only With a brewing time of just 1-2 minutes, Staresso Classic makes it effortless to enjoy delicious coffee wherever you are. It perfect for the traveling, office , camping, boating and more. Choose Staresso Classic for a more liberating coffee experience.. Amazing 2 in 1 Design - Staresso Classic compatible with both capsules and coffee powder. The coffee basket can hold 10g of coffee powder or 5-6g of capsules, while the water tank can hold 80ml of boiling water or ice water, enabling you to effortlessly make 30-50ml of espresso with a generous crema. This coffee machine compatible with Nespresso original capsules and compatibles.. Be Your Own Barista - With the original patented design of segmented pressure making, The Staresso Classic is capable of reaching, with the help of your hands, a maximum of 20 bars 290PSI of pressure for get rich oil and fruit flavor and achieve the golden extraction rate of coffee. What's even more impressive is that the unique pressure regulator empowers you to have full control over your coffee.. ALL you need in one package - STARESSO espresso machine for travel contains a high-quality 304 stainless steel pressure pump, tank liner, powder cup and aluminum threads form an all-metal core. All contact materials are made of food-grade materials and have been certified by the United States FDA. The removable design of the coffee maker makes it easy to clean and wash. The movable pressure valve makes cleaning easier by simply pushing out the powder.. About Us After-sales Warranty - STARESSO is committed to making it easier for more people to enjoy high-quality manual coffee-making processes. At the same time, we also value sustainability and environmental protection. We have used renewable materials and principles of sustainable development in our product design. We provide every customer with 24 months of warranty service and lifelong customer support. We will respond you in time and give you a satisfactory solution..

HANDCRAFT SHOTS OF ESPRESSO - With the Flair Espresso Maker, you have a complete manual espresso machine that can produce professional quality shots of espresso from your home, or wherever you are. Add 60ml of boiled water and a dose of up to 18 grams to yield a 40 ml shot with beautiful crema. A burr grinder is essential for use with this product.. FULLY MANUAL COMPLETELY BEAUTIFUL - The Flair is a 100 human-powered, manual espresso press. There are no plugs or electronics, meaning the Flair, which was designed from the ground up, will look beautiful in any coffee station or kitchen.. EASY TO CLEAN - The Flair Espresso Maker is the only manual espresso maker with a completely detachable brewing head. This patented design allows for users to completely remove the brewing head, separate the parts, and rinse under cool water.. BUILT TO LAST - Now with an upgraded, stronger base, post and lever Made from durable materials like cast aluminum and stainless steel, you can be sure your manual espresso maker, by Flair, is built to last. Both the aluminum press stand and the stainless steel brewing head are backed by a 3-year warranty.. FULLY PORTABLE - All Flair Espresso Makers come standard with our precision cut and padded carrying case meaning you can take your manual espresso maker anywhere youd like..

Manual operation only No batteryelectricity need. Compact, lightweight and versatile, you may use any variety of coffee beanroast, which will give you more flexibility in trying new flavors.. Need to add the boiling water. It can not heat up water. Minipresso GR is your best choice to enjoy up to 50 ml of authentic espresso at home, in the office and on the go.. Simple to operate Add ground coffee to the filter basket with the help of the integrated scoop. Apply slight pressure to level the grind. Add hot water into the water tank. Finally unlock from its travel position the piston and pump a few strokes to pressurize and extract perfect espresso with generous crema.. If you have any problem with our products or need help, please feel free to contact us through Amazon. We will respond you in time and give you a satisfactory solution.. Note Accessories are sold separately Enhance your Minipresso to get the most from it. Enjoy longer espresso, up to 100ml, and protect it from scratches. You can purchase accessories separately from our store..

38oz. boiler capacity. Makes one or two cups at a time. Dual frothing. Mounted pressure gauge. Piston operated.

ALL MANUAL HOME ESPRESSO MAKER - The NEO is an all manual espresso machine, featuring a hand lever press. No electricity or coffee pods are needed to brew delicious espresso at home with this manual espresso maker. Just add your fresh coffee grounds, lower the lever on your espresso press, and watch as beautiful espresso brews into your cup. Add 60ml of boiled water and a dose of up to 18 grams to yield a 40 ml shot with beautiful crema.. FLOW-CONTROL PORTAFILTER - The NEO features Flair Espresso's Flow-Control Portafilter, which makes home brewing manual espresso simple and easy. The Flow-Control Portafilter restricts the flow of your brew water through your grounds to ensure consistently good extractions and crema in every cup of espresso. Use any grinder and don't stress about dialing in your shot. The Flow-Control Portafilter will do the work for you.. ESPRESSO BREWING MADE SIMPLE - Brewing manual espresso with your NEO manual espresso maker is a simple four step process. Add your freshly ground beans to the portafilter, preheat your brewing cylinder, prep your brew head by adding boiling water and then lower the lever. No need to dial in your grinder or buy expensive equipment. The NEO is a manual espresso machine that makes espresso brewing easy and fun.. EASY TO CLEAN - The NEO, by Flair Espresso, is the only manual espresso maker with a completely detachable brewing head. This patented design allows for users to completely remove the brewing head, separate the parts, and rinse under cool water to clean.. BUILT TO LAST - Now with an upgraded, stronger base, post and lever Made from durable materials like cast aluminum and stainless steel, you can be sure your manual espresso maker, by Flair, is built to last. Both the aluminum press stand and the stainless steel brewing head are backed by a 3-year warranty..

Larger 38 ounce boilers with mounted pressure gauge. Include 2 frothing systems, machined rosewood handles, steam knob and mounted eagle cap, bottomless portafilter in addition to the standard double portafilter, contrasting red base cover and competition coffee baskets and screens. Brewing pressure profiling, Group Temperature indicator. Shower Competizione with photo engraved membrane. Fascino Filter Holder allows to obtain creamy espresso coffees.

Note 1Too coarse a grind, too little coffee, or insufficiently tamping the grounds before brewing can all lead to inadequate pressure for a proper brew. 2It is important to note that the amount of espresso extracted will vary depending on the grind size and amount and reprogramming may be needed when the size and amount are adjusted.

No batteryelectricity needManual operation only Nanopresso is one of the best and most versatile espresso machines. Built around a newly patented pumping system, the Nanopresso is capable of reaching, with the help of your hands, a maximum of 18 bars 261 PSI of pressure for unparalleled coffee extractions qualities.. Achieving the perfect espresso shot is far from easy. The Nanopresso works best with finely ground coffee that is tamped hard. Thanks to its innovative construction and easy operation, Nanopresso will help you brew perfect cups with a nice and dense crema layer every time.. It is delightfully easy to operate and simple to use. The Nanopresso requires 15 less force to pump compared to previous models 1st generation Minipresso. When necessary, every components of the portafilter are easily separated for deep cleaning.. Note Package does not include any accessories You can buy the NS Adapter accessory separately to make your Nanopresso machine compatible with Nespresso Original capsules and most of compatibles. Or buy Barista Kit accessory separately for Nanopresso machine to make double espresso shots. More exclusive accessories can be found through the description at the bottom of this page or the Wacaco store.. If you have any problem with our products or need help, please feel free to contact us through Amazon. We will respond you in time and give you a satisfactory solution..

ENCAPSULATED ESPRESSO Compatible with NS CAPSULES, in which the coffee is ground, measured and tamped with high precision, there is very little left for error. It's also more convenient, mess free and easier to clean after use.. MANUAL OPERATION ONLY Add any compatible capsules into the outlet head. Add hot water into the water tank. Unlock the piston from its travel position and pump a few strokes to pressurize and extract delicious espresso with generous crema. Need to add hot water.. GREAT PARTNER FOR TRAVEL Minipresso NS is your best choice to quickly and efficiently enjoy delicious espresso wherever you are. Your espresso looks great and taste fantastic every time.. COMPATIBILITY NOTE NS CAPSULES refers to Nespresso Original capsules and compatibles. Note that some non Original capsules might not work well with our machines. Improve the quality.. Note The package does not contain any accessories You can purchase the Minipresso Tank or Minipresso Case accessories separately to enjoy longer espresso, up to 100ml, and protect it from scratches. You can find more exclusive accessories in the description at the bottom of this page or in the WACACO store..